How it’s calculated
The amount you borrow is the vehicle price plus sales tax and any financed fees, minus your down payment and your trade-in equity (its value minus any loan still owed on it). It is repaid with equal monthly payments like any amortized loan.
Example (OpenStax Principles of Finance 8.3): $32,000 financed for 36 months at 6% gives a payment of about $973.50 and roughly $3,046 of interest. With the defaults ($32,000 car, $3,000 down, 6% tax on $32,000 = $1,920, 60 months at 6%): financed = 32,000 + 1,920 − 3,000 = $30,920, so the payment is about $597.77.
Assumptions: sales tax is charged on the price (optionally reduced by the full trade-in value, as most U.S. states allow) and is financed along with the fees; fees themselves are not taxed; interest is charged monthly at APR ÷ 12 with the first payment one month after signing. Tax rules for trade-ins, rebates and fees vary by state and country. Dealer add-ons such as extended warranties also raise the amount financed; compare offers on total cost, not just the monthly payment.
Frequently asked questions
Is a longer loan term better?
A longer term lowers the monthly payment but raises the total interest, and you may owe more than the car is worth for longer.
Does a trade-in reduce sales tax?
In most U.S. states, sales tax is charged on the price minus the trade-in value; a few states tax the full price. Choose the option that matches your state.
Should I finance taxes and fees?
Paying them upfront means borrowing less and paying less interest. Financing them is convenient but costs more over the loan.
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Sources
- Principles of Finance, 8.3 Loan Amortization (car loan example) — OpenStax
- Contemporary Mathematics, 6.8 The Basics of Loans — OpenStax
- Auto loans — Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
Formulas are taken from the free public references above. Results are provided “as is” for informational and educational purposes only. See our disclaimer.
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