How it’s calculated
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the energy your body uses at complete rest. The Mifflin–St Jeor equation (1990) estimates it from weight in kilograms, height in centimeters, age in years and sex. A systematic review found it the most accurate of the common prediction equations for healthy adults. Multiplying by an activity factor gives an estimate of total daily energy expenditure (TDEE), the calories needed to keep your weight stable.
Example: a 30-year-old man, 175 cm and 70 kg. BMR = 700 + 1,093.75 − 150 + 5 = 1,649 kcal/day. Moderately active (× 1.55): TDEE = 1,648.75 × 1.55 ≈ 2,556 kcal/day.
The activity factors are conventional approximations. Prediction equations can be off by 10% or more for an individual, especially for very muscular people, older adults, during pregnancy or with medical conditions. This is an estimate for general information, not medical or dietary advice. Talk to a doctor or registered dietitian before changing your diet.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between BMR and TDEE?
BMR is energy used at complete rest. TDEE adds the energy for daily activity and exercise, so it is the figure to compare with what you eat.
How many calories should I eat to lose weight?
Eating less than your TDEE causes weight loss over time, but the body adapts and needs vary. The NIH Body Weight Planner models this more accurately; ask a healthcare provider for personal advice.
Is a kilocalorie the same as a food Calorie?
Yes. Nutrition labels use Calories (capital C), which are kilocalories. 1 kcal = 4.184 kJ.
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Sources
- Mifflin MD, St Jeor ST, et al. A new predictive equation for resting energy expenditure in healthy individuals. Am J Clin Nutr. 1990 — U.S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed)
- Frankenfield D, et al. Comparison of predictive equations for resting metabolic rate in healthy nonobese and obese adults: a systematic review. J Am Diet Assoc. 2005 — U.S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed)
- Body Weight Planner — U.S. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIH)
Formulas are taken from the free public references above. Results are provided “as is” for informational and educational purposes only. See our disclaimer.
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