How it’s calculated
"Percent" means "per hundred", so x% is the fraction x ÷ 100.
Example: 15% of 80 = 0.15 × 80 = 12. 12 is 12 ÷ 80 × 100 = 15% of 80. Going from 80 to 92 is a (92 − 80) ÷ 80 × 100 = 15% increase.
Frequently asked questions
Is a 50% rise followed by a 50% fall back where I started?
No. 100 up 50% is 150; 150 down 50% is 75. Each percentage applies to a different base.
What is the difference between percent and percentage points?
A rate going from 4% to 5% rises 1 percentage point, but 25% in relative terms ((5 − 4) ÷ 4).
How do I reverse a percentage increase?
Divide by (1 + rate). If a price after a 20% markup is 120, the original is 120 ÷ 1.2 = 100, not 120 − 20%.
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Sources
Formulas are taken from the free public references above. Results are provided “as is” for informational and educational purposes only. See our disclaimer.
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